7mU 77\c)efd\c1efd.A u' @  '@@ '@@ ' @  ' @ @ '@ '@@'@@   ' n'    ' @  '@  '  M' @  '@ '@ ' @  ' @ ' @ '@'@   ' @  '@ '@ ' @  ' @ ' @ '@'@   &Inf4u' @  '@ '@ ' @  ' @ ' @ '@'@   '@@'@@ '' @ @   '@@'@@ '' @ @   '&Inf&Inf''4u'  '@@ '@@ '  ' @ @ ' '@@'@@   U'@  '@@ '@@ '@  ' @ @ '@ '@@'@@    '@  '@@ '@@ '@  ' @ @ '@ '@@'@@   &Inf4U'@  '@@ '@@ '@  ' @ @ ' @ '@@'@@    '@  '@@ '@@ '@  ' @ @ ' @ '@@'@@   &Inf4u'@  '@@ '@@ '@  ' @ @ ' @ '@@'@@   u'@  '@@ '@@ '@  ' @ @ ' '@@'@@    "ArialIvPHOTO FORMULAE & CALCULATIONSh"Arial @"Arial]For spreadsheet on PC and Psion 5 - by Brian E Eyley bee@bep.k-web.co.uk"Arial"ArialFFocal length (mm)$"Arial>Frame size (mm)$"Arial  "Arial"Arial(JAperture f / No.$"Arial,JFocus distance (m)$"Arial0 "Arial4 "Arial8 "Arial< "Arial@ "ArialD "ArialH "ArialL "ArialP "ArialT "ArialX "Arial\ "Arial` "Ariald "Arialh "Ariall "Arialp "Arialt "Arialx "Arial| "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial$  "Arial(  "Arial,  "Arial0  "Arial4  "Arial8  "Arial<  "Arial@  "ArialD  "ArialH  "ArialL  "ArialP  "ArialT  "ArialX  "Arial\  "Arial`  "Ariald  "Arialh  "Ariall  "Arialp  "Arialt  "Arialx  "Arial|  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial$  "Arial(  "Arial,  "Arial0  "Arial4  "Arial8  "Arial<  "Arial@  "ArialD  "ArialH  "ArialL  "ArialP  "ArialT  "ArialX  "Arial\  "Arial`  "Ariald  "Arialh  "Ariall  "Arialp  "Arialt  "Arialx  "Arial|  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial$  "Arial(  "Arial,  "Arial0  "Arial4  "Arial8  "Arial<  "Arial@  "ArialD  "ArialH  "ArialL  "ArialP  "ArialT  "ArialX  "Arial\  "Arial`  "Ariald  "Arialh  "Ariall  "Arialp  "Arialt  "Arialx  "Arial|  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial 422h"Arial 4$2h"Arial %'<< Enter data here ... and here ----->----->---for more details -> "Arial   "Arial  "Arial $ ( 4 2h"Arial, 4 2h"Arial 0  "Arial4  "Arial8  "Arial<  "Arial@  "ArialD  "ArialH  "ArialL  "ArialP  "ArialT  "ArialX  "Arial\  "Arial`  "Ariald  "Arialh  "Ariall  "Arialp  "Arialt  "Arialx  "Arial|  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial$  "Arial(  "Arial,  "Arial0  "Arial4  "Arial8  "Arial<  "Arial@  "ArialD  "ArialH  "ArialL  "ArialP  "ArialT  "ArialX  "Arial\  "Arial`  "Ariald  "Arialh  "Ariall  "Arialp  "Arialt  "Arialx  "Arial|  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial  "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial$ "Arial( "Arial, "Arial0 "Arial4 "Arial8 "Arial< "Arial@ "ArialD "ArialH "ArialL "ArialP "ArialT "ArialX "Arial\ "Arial` "Ariald "Arialh "Ariall "Arialp "Arialt "Arialx "Arial| "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial$ "Arial( "Arial, "Arial0 "Arial4 "Arial8 "Arial< "Arial@ "ArialD "ArialH "ArialL "ArialP "ArialT "ArialX "Arial\ "Arial` "Ariald "Arialh "Ariall "Arialp "Arialt "Arialx "Arial| "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "ArialRHyperfocal distances@"Arial "Arial "Arial ^uses data entered above "Arial "Arial$2More details"Arial( "Arial,Zbased on entries above "Arialf / No" "Arial^Hyperfocal distance (m)$"ArialVNearest focus (m)$"Arial f / No" "Arial^Hyperfocal distance (m)$"ArialVNearest focus (m)$"Arial "Arial$WANTED,"Arial(" "Arial,RESULT""Arial0Units" "Arial4 "Arial?""ArialOEJC@" "Arial  OEJ3@, "Arial   @""Arialqq\!@" "Arial  qq\@, "Arial 6Do not change "Arial"Arial$NHyperfocal distance, "Arial(" "Arial,~@@" "Arial 0m" "Arial4 "Arial@"Arialqq\A@ "Arial  qq\1@" "Arial  &@"Arial~@@ "Arial  ~@ @" "Arial Bcells other than "Arial"Arial$6Nearest focus" "Arial( "Arial,+T@ "Arial 0m "Arial4 "Arial ffffff@"Arial 4M48@ "Arial   4M4(@" "Arial  0@"Arial qq\@ "Arial   qq\@" "Arial  :B4, C4, K4, L4 "Arial "Arial$ :Furthest focus" "Arial(  "Arial, Inf "Arial 0 m "Arial4  "Arial$ @"Arial $v]u]3@ "Arial  $v]u]#@" "Arial  $6@"Arial $~@ @ "Arial  $~@?" "Arial $"They may "Arial$"Arial$$:Depth of field" "Arial($ "Arial,$Inf "Arial  0$m "Arial4$ "Arial(@"Arial (X <.@ "Arial  (X <@" "Arial  (@@"Arial (qq\@ "Arial  (qq\?" "Arial (Bcontain formulae "Arial("Arial$(ZField of view at focus" "Arial(( "Arial,(-@ "Arial 0(m "Arial4( "Arial,ffffff@"Arial ,4M4(@ "Arial  ,4M4@" "Arial  ,F@"Arial ,e? "Arial  ,e?" "Arial , "Arial,"Arial ,$,NCircle of confusion" "Arial(, "Arial,,;On? "Arial0, mm "Arial4, "Arial0RDepth of field table@"Arial0 "Arial 0 "Arial 0%This table uses the lens focal length and the frame size entered in the cells at the top of the page "Arial0 "Arial0 "Arial0 "Arial0 "Arial  0 "Arial $0 "Arial (0 "Arial,0 "Arial00 "Arial404&f/stop >>, "Arial40" "Arial40 "Arial 4gfffff@" "Arial4ffffff@ "Arial4 @" "Arial4 @ "Arial4@ "Arial 4@ "Arial$4ffffff@" "Arial(4ffffff@ "Arial,4 @" "Arial04 @ "Arial44 "Arial8&Focus (m), "Arial8min" "Arial8max "Arial 8min" "Arial8max "Arial8min" "Arial8max "Arial8min "Arial 8max "Arial$8min" "Arial(8max "Arial,8min" "Arial08max "Arial48 "Arial<@@, "Arial <`;@@, "Arial <Inf" "Arial  <) ;&7@, "Arial <Inf" "Arial < 3@, "Arial <Inf" "Arial <I-@, "Arial <Inf" "Arial $<3(@, "Arial (<Inf" "Arial ,<Uƙ!@, "Arial 0<Inf" "Arial 4< "Arial@@o@" "Arial @} |>@" "Arial @Inf "Arial  @4k\,6@" "Arial @Inf "Arial @a2@" "Arial @Inf "Arial @qG-@" "Arial  @Inf "Arial $@) ;&'@" "Arial (@Inf "Arial ,@mPM @" "Arial 0@Inf "Arial 4@ "ArialDY@" "Arial D:*9@" "Arial DInf "Arial  Dؼp3@" "Arial DInf "Arial D9i0@" "Arial DInf "Arial Dw*@" "Arial  DInf "Arial $D2c_&@" "Arial (DInf "Arial ,Ds@" "Arial 0DInf "Arial 4D "ArialHI@" "Arial Hd}4@" "Arial HInf "Arial  H[&0@" "Arial HInf "Arial H袋.h,@" "Arial HInf "Arial H琚`'@" "Arial  HInf "Arial $Hؼp#@" "Arial (HInf "Arial ,H1G@" "Arial 0HInf "Arial 4H "ArialL9@" "Arial LqG-@" "Arial L#I$IRV@ "Arial  L(@" "Arial LInf "Arial Lx!&@" "Arial LInf "Arial L #@" "Arial  LInf "Arial $L[& @" "Arial (LInf "Arial ,L:*@" "Arial 0LInf "Arial 4L "ArialP$@" "Arial P(ˀO@" "Arial P \,@ "Arial  P] @ "Arial Tr@" "Arial Tw@ "Arial Tظ#6@" "Arial  T1G@ "Arial $T=@ "Arial XA˻@" "Arial X8 E@ "Arial X ;26@" "Arial  Xq @ "Arial $X@@" "Arial (X>] @ "Arial ,X(ˀO?" "Arial 0X \ @ "Arial 4X "Arial\?" "Arial \g@ʬ?" "Arial \,ɽvy? "Arial  \P ?" "Arial \Wb? "Arial \ᾍ v?" "Arial \m,&e? "Arial \v ?" "Arial  \e0s? "Arial $\bc?" "Arial (\YEg? "Arial ,\ı?" "Arial 0\+uK? "Arial 4\ "Arial` "Arial` "Arial ` "Arial ` "Arial` "Arial` "Arial` "Arial` "Arial ` "Arial$` "Arial (` "Arial,` "Arial0` "Ariald&f/stop >>, "Ariald&@" "Ariald&@ "Arial d0@" "Ariald0@ "Ariald6@" "Ariald6@ "Ariald@@" "Arial d@@ "Arial$dF@" "Arial(dF@ "Arial,d "Arial0d "Arialh&Focus (m), "Arialhmin" "Arialhmax "Arial hmin" "Arialhmax "Arialhmin" "Arialhmax "Arialhmin" "Arial hmax "Arial$hmin" "Arial(hmax "Arial,h "Arial0h "Ariall8, "Arial l-6 @, "Arial lInf" "Arial  l ;26@, "Arial lInf" "Arial laq  @, "Arial lInf" "Arial lw.?" "Arial 9i@ "Arial  @va?" "Arial 琚`@ "Arial %I$IR?" "Arial ؉ (@ "Arial  C]?" "Arial  Inf "Arial $℔<ˈ?" "Arial (Inf "Arial , "Arial0 "Arial8" "Arial Y]ҟ?" "Arial Ic? "Arial  %U?" "Arial Lp>? "Arial Rd$M?" "Arial  Pk? "Arial 3?" "Arial  lcmp? "Arial $ Mwj?" "Arial (袋.@ "Arial , "Arial0"Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial  "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial$ "Arial ( "Arial, "Arial0 "Arial "Arial  "Arial  "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial$ "Arial ( "Arial, "Arial0 "ArialNOTES"Arial "Arial  "Arial  "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial$ "Arial ( "Arial, "Arial0 "Arial=To use the tables - just fill in cells B4 & C4 (& K4 & L4 if you wish). "Arial "Arial  "Arial  "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial "Arial  "Arial$ "Arial ( "Arial, "Arial0 "Arial48<@%The tables are based upon information obtained from various sources, "ArialEmostly Richard Platt's "Photo Data". I cannot guarantee their accuracy. "Arial  $(,048<@The formulae are reproduced below. "Arial  $(,048<@-I suggest that you check the results if accuracy is important to you. "Arial  $(,048<@All distances are in metres (not feet) "Arial  $(,048<@All lens information is in millimetres (not inches) "Arial  $(,048<@The frame size is the longest dimension of the format you are using "Arial  "Arial $(,048<@]eg. "36" for 35 mm format, "60 for 6 x 4.5 or 6 x 6, "125" for 5" x 4" etc "Arial "Arial  "Arial $(,048<@^..... but, - see below "Arial "ArialMy opinion about the circle of confusion and depth of field: "Arial  $(,048<@%The circle of confusion is the maximum size a point must be in order "Arialnto appear sharp on a print. "Arial%Its maximum size (on the film) is normally 0.036 mm for 35 mm format "Arialphotography or 0.06mm for 6 x 6 medium format (MF) (etc) "ArialIf these figures are used you get a sharp looking 8" (250 mm) print "Arial  $(,048<@when it is viewed from a distance of 8" (250 mm). "Arial  $(,048<@This is fine for prints but (in my opinion) not for transparencies "Arial  $(,048<@VMy reasons are below. "Arial  $(,048<@My main reasons for using medium format equipment (MF) are to sell "Arial  $(,048<@images and to obtain larger or sharper (or both) prints. "Arial  $(,048<@The use of a larger circle of confusion for MF negatives or slides "Arial  $(,048<@means that the prints from MF are identical to 35 mm "Arial  $(,048<@E(i.e. MF is NOT better than 35 mm as far as depth of field is concerned) "Arial  $(,048<@Also, MF transparencies look less impressive on a light box. "Arial  $(,048<@%I therefore use the tables above with the frame size set to the next "Arial  $(,048<@format down (i.e. for 6 x 6 format, I set it at 36) "Arial  $(,048<@ EThat way, I get a better looking slide, similar to 35 mm in quality but  "Arial        $ ( , 0 4 8 < @ 5much larger. Reproduction at larger sizes is much better than 35 mm. "Arial  $(,048<@%The down side is that the depth of field is half the figures usually "Arial  $(,048<@assumed for MF! - But it's all for quality and art! "Arial  $(,048<@By the way, I cannot find much correlation between the DoF figures "Arial marked on my lenses and these calculations. I don't know why!!! "Arial(If you agree with me, set the frame format at the next format"Arial,down eg 36 for MF, 70 for 5" x 4" etc."Arial4If you do NOT agree with me, set the frame format at the"Arial44 44444 4$4(4,4044484<4@48frame format at the format you are using."Arial88 88888 8$8(8,8084888<8@8<<< <<<<< <$<(<,<0<4<8<<<@<@I respect anyone who may disagree with this view "Arial@@ @@@@@ @$@(@,@0@4@8@<@@@Dbut I would be interested to hear their reasoning. "ArialDD DDDDD D$D(D,D0D4D8D(Focal length) "Arial l "Ariall "Arial4l8l?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~'); "Arial35o&Sheet.app 9!