OPLDatabaseFile 2P(@Field 1Field 2Field 3Field 4Field 5D Sputnik 1(USSR) Oct. 4, 1957 SatelliteFirst artificial satellite.I Sputnik 2(USSR) Oct. 4, 1957 Satellite Carried first animal into space.s Explorer 1(USA) Jan. 31, 1958 SatelliteIFirst successful U.S. satellite. Also discovered Earth's radiation belt.B Pioneer 0(USA) Aug. 17, 1958 Lunar orbiterFirst stage exploded.M Pioneer 1(USA) Oct. 11, 1958 Lunar orbiter Failed to reach escape velocity.J Pioneer 3(USA) Dec. 6, 1958 Lunar flyby Failed to reach escape velocity.rLuna 1(USSR) Jan. 2, 1959 Lunar flybyJIntended for impact, but missed lunar surface and is now in a solar orbit.A Pioneer 4(USA) Mar. 3, 1959 Lunar flybyStill in a solar orbit.ŽLuna 2(USSR) Sep. 12, 1959 Lunar landerdImpacted Moon on Sep 13, 1959, becoming first man-made object to reach another body in our universe.uLuna 3(USSR) Oct. 4, 1959 Lunar flybyMReached the Moon on Oct. 7 and returned the first photograph of its far side.D Pioneer 5(USA) Mar. 11, 1960 Solar monitorStill in a solar orbit.H Mars 1960A(USSR) Oct. 10, 1960 Mars probeFailed to reach Earth orbit.H Mars 1960B(USSR) Oct. 14, 1960 Mars probeFailed to reach Earth orbit.@Venera 1(USSR) Feb. 12, 1961 Venus flybyNow in a solar orbit.WRanger 3(USA) Jan. 26, 1962 Lunar lander,Missed the Moon and is now in a solar orbit.IRanger 4(USA) Apr. 23, 1962 Lunar landerFirst U.S. impact on the Moon.œ Mariner 2(USA) Aug. 27, 1962 Venus flybyqArrived at Venus on Dec. 14, 1962 becoming the first successful interplanetary spacecraft. Now in a solar orbit.}Ranger 5(USA) Oct. 18, 1962 Lunar flybySIntended for impact on lunar surface but became a fly-by due to spacecraft failure.H Mars 1962A(USSR) Oct. 24, 1962 Mars flybyFailed to leave Earth orbit.FMars 1(USSR) Nov. 1, 1962 Mars flybyCommunications failed en route.H Mars 1962B(USSR) Nov. 4, 1962 Mars landerFailed to leave Earth orbit.ZLuna 4(USSR) Apr. 2, 1963 Lunar probe2Missed the Moon and is now in an Earth-Moon orbit.tRanger 6(USA) Jan. 30, 1964 Lunar landerIImpacted lunar surface but returned no photographs due to camera failure.EZond 1(USSR) Apr. 2, 1964 Venus flybyCommunications lost en route.mRanger 7(USA) July 28, 1964 Lunar landerBReturned pictures of lunar surface before impact on July 31, 1964.n Mariner 3(USA) Nov. 5, 1964 Mars flybyEMission failed when solar panels did not open. Now in a solar orbit.Š Mariner 4(USA) Nov. 28, 1964 Mars flyby`Arrived on Jul. 14, 1965 and returned close-up photos of Martian surface. Now in a solar orbit.>Zond 2(USSR) Nov. 30, 1964 Mars flybyContact lost en route.pRanger 8(USA) Feb. 17, 1965 Lunar landerEReturned photographs of lunar surface before impact on Feb. 20, 1965.pRanger 9(USA) Mar. 21, 1965 Lunar landerEReturned photographs of lunar surface before impact on Mar. 24, 1965.QLuna 5(USSR) May 9, 1965 Lunar lander)Destroyed upon impact with lunar surface.SLuna 6(USSR) June 8, 1965 Lunar lander*Missed the Moon and is now in solar orbit.UZond 3(USSR) July 18, 1965 Lunar flyby,Transmitted pictures of the Moon's far side.RLuna 7(USSR) Oct. 4, 1965 Lunar lander)Destroyed upon impact with lunar surface.XVenera 2(USSR) Nov. 12, 1965 Venus flyby-Communications failed. Now in a solar orbit.RVenera 3(USSR) Nov. 16, 1965 Venus probe'Communications failed. Impacted Venus.RLuna 8(USSR) Dec. 3, 1965 Lunar lander)Destroyed upon impact with lunar surface.Q Pioneer 6(USA) Dec. 16, 1965 Solar probe&Still transmitting from a solar orbit.§Luna 9(USSR) Jan. 31, 1966 Lunar lander}Performed first successful soft landing on the Moon, on Feb. 3, 1966, and transmitted the first photographs from its surface.hLuna 10(USSR) Mar. 31, 1966 Lunar orbiter