OPLDatabaseFile P:`.AB#6'pLOC::M:\WDR\PSIPRINT.WDR%FPage %P.@Name: Home: Work: Fax:Address:Notes:-P:`  'pLOC::M:\WDR\PSIPRINT.WDRPage %P@Command:1 WHAT IS UNIDetails:UNIX is an opThis set of basic UNI-> Command Name-> Command Syntax (Do-> Command DescriptioSome commands have flFor more information Notes:-P:`.AB#6'pLOC::M:\WDR\PSIPRINT.WDRPage %P@Command:1 WHAT IS UNIDetails:UNIX is an opThis set of basic UNI-> Command Name-> Command Syntax (Do-> Command DescriptioSome commands have flFor more information Notes:P:`  ', prpLOC::M:\WDR\PSIPRINT.WDRPage %P@Command:Details:Notes:P:`.AB#6', prpLOC::M:\WDR\PSIPRINT.WDRPage %P@Command:Details:Notes:1 What is UNIX?UNIX is an operating system language that allows a user to navigate and maintain files and directories.This set of basic UNIX commands follows the following format:-> Command Name-> Command Syntax (Do not include the [brackets] in your statement at the unix prompt, which might look like this: nevada%)-> Command DescriptionSome commands have flags, or options, that expand the basic function of the command. These flags, or options, are denoted with a "-" in front of the flag, such as 'man -k [command];'. The -k is the flag, or an option for the 'man' command.hFor more information on any of the below commands you can type 'man [command name]' at your UNIX prompt.P:`  ' pLOC::M:\WDR\PSIPRINT.WDRPage %P@Command:Details:0P:`.AB#6' pLOC::M:\WDR\PSIPRINT.WDRPage %P@Command:Details:| (Pipe)Type [command] | [command] Pipes, or runs the information accessed with the first command into the second command. A good use for this when viewing large directories. You can type ls [directoryname] | morecat (Concatenate Files):Type cat [filename].Views the contents of a file (like more,less) !Type cat [filename] >> [filename]4Merges specified files and writes them to one file. Type cat >> [filename]'Adds information to a current filename.cd (Change Directory): Type cd [directory]BChanges from the current directory to the new specified directory.  cd Type cd& This will return you to your home  directory. cd .. Type cd ..& This moves your current directory  on level up (or back). cd ~/stuff/1998% This moves you to a subdirectory  within your home directory.compress (Compress Files): Type compress [filename] JCompresses a file into a smaller size and appends a ".Z" to the file name.uCp (Copy Files): !Type cp [filename] [newfilename] >Copies the contents of one file into a new file or directory. #finger (Find Information On User): Type finger [username] Returns information about a user with an account on the system: user name, full name, terminal, terminal access, and time of login. Finger also displays the users profile and project filesgrep (Search Files): !Type grep -i "[data]" [filename] zSearches for patterns or expressions in a file or multiple files within a directory, displaying the results of the search.ln (Link Files):$Type ln [originalfile] [newlinkfile]Links two or more files. Allows the same file to be accessed under a new name. This is like creating an 'alias' on Macintosh file system. -f:+ Type ln -f [originalfile] [newlinkfile]( Does overwrite an existing filename. -s:+ Type ln -s [originalfile] [newlinkfile]( Creates a symbolic link that allows # the linked file to be accessed  accross file systems.ls (List Files): Type ls SLists the contents of a specified or current directory, excluding the hidden files. -a: Type ls -a - Type ls -a Will list all contents of the & directory including hidden files.  -s:  Type ls -s ' Will list the size of the files or # directories before the name in  kilobytes.  -t:  Type ls -t, Will list all contents of the directory # from most-recently modified to  last modified.ologout (Exit Shell): Type logout JWill close the current session window, and perhaps your entire connection.man (Manual Pages): Type man [command name] AWill display on-line manual pages for the command word specified. -k  Type man -k [keyword] ) Will search the on-line manual pages  by the keyword specified.mesg (Enable/Disable Messages):gGrants or denies permission to other users to send you messages from either the write or talk commands. -y Type mesg -y Grants permission. -n Type mesg -n Denies permission.more (Display File): Type more [filename] BAllows the user to view a large document on screen by page. At the`end of the page a --MORE-- prompt will appear. Press the space bar to continue or [ q ] to quit.mv (Move File/Directory): !Type mv [filename] [newfilename] `Moves a file or multiple files into another directory or to a new name in the current directory.xmkdir (Make Directory): Type mkdir [directoryname] ACreates a new directory or directories in the current directory. \passwd (Change Password): Type: passwd3Instructs the UNIX machine to set a users password.|pl (Print Local): Type pl [filename] RInstructs the UNIX machine to print a specific file to a locally attached printer.npwd (Print Working Directory): Type pwd BDisplays the name of the current directory the user is located in.$quota (Show User's Disk Allowance): Type quota Displays the current available disk, the total amount of disk space, the maximum amount of disk space that is allowed to be used, and the grace period if quota is exceeded.rm (Remove File): Type rm [filename] ]Removes a file in the users personal account, or a file where the user has write permission.  -r:  Type rm -r [directory] Removes a directory and its contents where the user has  write permission. rmdir (Remove Directory): Type rmdir [directory] Removes an empty directory.  -r:  Type rm -r [directory] Removes a directory and its contents where the user has  write permission.spell (Check Spelling):Type: spell [filename],Returns incorrectly spelled words in a file. -b Type spell -b [filename]! Checks for spelling based on  British usage.talk (Talk To Other User):Type talk [username]`Splits screen so you can have a conversation with another user currently logged into the system.ztelnet (Remote Login):Type telenet [systemhostname]CAllows remote login to another computer using the Telenet protocol.uncompress (Uncompress File): Type uncompress [filename] IUncompresses a compressed file (usually a file with ".Z" appended to it).owc (Word Count):Type wc [filenames]Counts the number of words, characters, and lines in a text file(s). The output is disaplyed as: . -c Type wc -c Displays only the number of  characters. -l Type wc -l& Displays only the number of lines. b Type wc b& Displays only the number of words.bwrite (Write To User):Type write [username]3Sends a text message to a user. Use CTRL-D to exit.vwho (Display Current Users): Type who LDisplays username and status about the users currently logged on the system.GMore Reading MaterialsUNIX in Plain EnglishMIS PRESS, ISBN 1-55828-345-5 Kevin Reichard & Eric F. Johnson%TEACH YOURSELF UNIX ... Third editionMIS PRESS, ISBN 1-55828-418-4 Kevin Reichard & Eric F. Johnson#UNIX System Administration Handbook%PTR Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-933441-6(Evi Nemeth, Garth Snyder & Scott Seebassgrep (Search Files): !Type grep -i "[data]" [filename] zSearches for patterns or expressions in a file or multiple files within a directory, displaying the results of the search. -i instructs grep to ignore case