b>aºWORD_C2DEFINITIONC‡ 8va An octave higher than the written notes A Cappella Unaccompanied vocal piece. A piacere At pleasure A tempo Resume normal speed. Accelerando ( Accel.) gradually faster Acciaccatura Crushed in. A crudsh note played as quikly as possible ON the beat. Ad libitum (Ad lib.) At pleasure (style and speed at performers discretion) Adagietto Fairly slow Adagio Slow Adagissimo Very slow Affrettando Hurry, pushing on Agitato Agitated Alla Breve Two minims in a bar Allargando Getting slower (more majestic) Allegretto Fairly lively and fast Allegro Fast, lively Allemande German dance in 4/4 time Andante Moderate (walking) pace Andantino Faster than andante Animato Animated Appassionata Passionately Appassionato Passionately Appoggiatura Crush note, but not crushed in. Normally takes half the time value of it's accompanying note Arco With bow (stringed instruments) Arpeggio Like a harp. Broken Chord. Assai Very Attacca Go on at once Basso ostinato, Ground Bass A bass line continuously repeated. Bemol Bemolle The flat sign Ben, Bene Well Bewegt With movement Bis Twice Bourree Stately French dance in double time Breit Broad Breve (Short !!) A long note of four minims length. Brillante Brilliant Brio Vigour Cadenza A passage usually towards end of a solo piece, where soloist plays alone in a skilled way (A chance to show off). Calando Decreasing speed and tone Canon Piece of music where one voice repeats the part of another, throughout the whole piece. Cantabile, Cantando Singing style Cantata A collection of songs Cantilena Short song Capo The beginning Capriccio, Caprice A light, free piece of music Chaconne A Dance in triple time with a ground bass Coda A passage at the end of a movemnt (tail) Codetta Little coda Col legno Use the wood of the bow (String instruments) Col, coll', colla, collo With the Colla parte With the soloist (directed to accompanist) Colla voce Follow the solo voice Come prima As at first Come sopra as above Come As Comodo Convenient (pace) Con Anima with feeling Con moto With movement Con sordino, con sordini With the mute Con. Bravura With boldness, bravery or spirit Concertante, concertino Soloists in earlier orchestral music Contra Fagotto Double bassoon Con with Corda String Corrente Italian dance in 3/4 time Courante French dance in 3/2 time Crescendo, Cresc. Gradually louder Da capo, D.C. From the beginning Da from Dal segno, D.S. From the sign Deciso Decisively Decrescendo, Decresc. Becoming gradually softer Delicato Delicate Di molto Very much Diese The sharp sign Diminuendo, Dim. Becoming gradually softer Divisi, Div. Divide into groups (Orchestral or band players) Dolce Sweetly, tenderly Dolcissimo, Dolciss. Very sweetly and gently Dolente Sadly Dolore Grieey or sorrow Doppio movimento Twice as fast Doppio movimento Twice the speed Doppio Double Duet Piece for two players Duo Duet Dur Major (key) E, Ed. And Ein wenig A little En dehors Emphasized En pressant Hurryin (pressing) on En retenant Gadually slower, holding back Energico With energy Espressione Expression Espressivo, Espr., Espress. With expression Etwas Somewhat Facile Easy Feurig Fiery Finale The last movement Fine The end Forte piano Loud the quikly soft Forte, f Loud Fortissimo, ff, fff Very Loud Forza Force Forzando, fz Forcingly, sudden emphasis or accent Fuga A fugue Fugato In fugal style Fugue A piece of music of contrapuntal style, based on a theme, with more than one voice. Fuoco Fire Furioso Furiously Galliard Quick dance in triple time, often preceded by a pavane. (esp. Elizabethan) Gauche Left Gavotte French dance in 4/4 or 2/2 time General pause, Grand pause, G.P. Everyoe to remain silent (pause) Gigue, jig, giga Quick British dance Giocoso, Giojoso Gay, merry Giusto Strict Glissando Rapid scale passage produced by sliding over keys or strings e.g. piano, harp, violin, trombone Grandioso Grandly Grave Very slow and solemn Grazia Grace Grazioso Gracefully Immer Always or contantly Impetuoso Impetuously Incalzando Increasing speed and tone L'istesso Tempo Keep same speed L.H. Left hand Lacrimoso Sadly, tearfully Lamentoso Mournfully Langsam Slow Largamente Broadly Larghetto Slightly faster than largo Largo Slow and stately Lebhaft Lively Legatissimo As smooth as you can Legato Smooth Leggiero Light and delicate Lento Slow Lent Slow Lieder ohne worte Song without words Lied Song Loco Back to playing notes at their normal pitch. Lontano As from a distance Lunga pausa Long pause Lusingando Coaxing Ma non troppo But not too much Ma But Maestoso Majestically Main droite, Mano destra, M.D. Right hand Main gauche, mano sinistra, M.G. , M.S. Left hand Mancando Dying away Marcato, Marc. Poiinted, marked, accented Marcia March Martellato Hammered out Marziale Martial Massig Moderate Meno mosso Less movement Meno Less Mesto Sadly Mezza voce Mezzo forte, mf Moderately loud Mezzo Piano, mp Moderately quiet Minuet Stately French dance in triple time Misterioso Mysterious Misura measure Mit With Moderato Moderate time Moll Minor Key Molto Much Morendo Gradually dying away Mosso movement Moto, Movimento Movement MS Manuscript Muta Change Nicht Not Nobilmente Nobly Non tanto Not so much Non troppo Not too much Non Not Obbligato Obligatory, musn't be omitted Opus A work Ossia Or Ostinato Persistently repeated (Obstinate) Ottava bassa Octave lower Ottava, Ott. Octave Parlando, Parlante Sung in a talking fashion Partitur Score Passacaglia A dance in triple time with a ground bass Passepied Lively French dance in triple time Passionato Passionately Pastorale Pastoral Style Patetico With feeling (pathos) Pausa A Rest / break Pavane Slow, stately dance. Usually paired with a Galliard (esp Elizabethan) Ped. Press the right sustaining pedal (piano), until a * is reached. Pedal A single note held or repeated (usually in bass), while music continues. Perdendosi Dying away Pesante Heavy, Lumpy Piacevole agreeable Piangevole Plaintively Pianissimo, pp, ppp Very soft Piano, p Soft Piu allegro quicker Piu lento Slower Piu mosso More movement, quicken Piu More Pizzicato, pizz. Plucked (Stringed instruments) Plus more Pochettino Very little Pochissimo As small as possible Poco a Poco Little by little Poco little Poi Then Portamento Smooth glide from note to note Precipitato, precipitoso impetuously Prestissimo As fast as possible Presto Very fast Primo volta First time Primo Time Quasi recitativo Like a recital Quasi As if R.H. Right hand Rallentando, rall. Getting slower gradually Recitativo Secco Unaccompanied (Or evry barely accompanied) recitative, used in opera for explanation Recititavo stromentato Accompanied recital Repetizone, replica Repeat Rigoroso Strictly, rigerous Rinforzando, rf reinforced, but not as much as an accent Ripieno Main body of orchestra in early orchestral music Risoluto Bold Risvegliato more animation Ritardando, ritard Gradually slower Ritenuto, rit. Hold back Ritmico Rythmic Rubato, Tempo rubato Robbed, note length varied or stolen from later in phrase Ruhig Calm Sarabande Slow Spanish dance Scherzando Playful Scherzo A joke, a playfull piece. Scherzoso Playfully Schneller Faster Schnell Fast Secco Dry Sec Detatched (as in dry) Segno Sign Segue Carry on Sehr Very Semplice Simple Sempre Always Senza misura In free time Senza sordini Without mute Senza without Sforzando, sforzato, sf, sfz Accented (forced) Simile In a similar way Sin', Sino Until Slargando, slentando gradually slower Smorzando Dying away Soave smooth Solenne Solemn Sonata A collection of (usually four) instrumental movements Sonatina Small sonata Sonato da chiesa A Collection of church pieces Sonore Sonorous Sopra Above Sordini Mute Sospirando Sighingly Sostenuto Sustained Sotto Below Spiccato Detatched with a springy bow (stringed instruments) Spiritoso Spirited Staccatissimo Very detatched Staccato, stacc. Detatched Strepitoso Boisterous Stringendo Gradually faster Suave Gentle, smooth Subito Suddenly Suite, sonata da camera, partita A collection of pieces (often dances) Sul Ponticello Play near the bridge (Violin) Sul On Suss Sweet Tacet Silent Tanto So much Tarantella Lively Italian dance in 6/8 time Tempo comodo At a convenient speed Tempo giusto In stricttime Tempo giusto Strict time Tempo primo, Tempo I Back to original speed Tempo Speed Teneramente Tenderly Tenerezza Tenderness Tenuto, Ten. Hold Tosto Rapid Tranquillo Calm Traurig Sadly Tre corde Release the soft pedal (of piano), Three strings Tremolando, tremolo, trem. Very rapid repitition of one or two notes Tre Three Trionfale, Trionfante Triumphant Troppo Too much Tutta forza Full power, as loud as possible Tutti All Un peu, un poco A little Un, una, uno One Una corda Use left (soft) pedal of piano, one string Unis. Play in unison again Veloce Quick Vibrato Vibrating Vif quick or lively Vigoroso Bold Vite, vivace, vivement, vivo Quick and lively Vivacissimo With vivacity, very lively Voce Voice Volante Flying Voll Full Volti subito, V.S. Turn page quickly Wenig Little Zart Delicate Zu Too